Essay --

The term masculinity can be defined as the set of traits or characteristics typically for men. There are arguments to the word ‘Masculinity’. It is independent of the understanding that man is connected to masculinity. Like men can be feminine, women can be masculine. It is the nature of masculinity is what makes someone masculine, not their gender. (Masculinity movie) Masculinity can be divided into degrees of comparison- more masculine or most masculine. ‘Crisis of Male Identity in ‘Father, Son and Holy War,’ Rustam Barucha in Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 30, No. 29, July 1, 1995. BIBLIOGRAPHY Man, manhood, masculinity the terms are closely related to each other. Does one ‘become’ a man or is he born one? Are ‘men’ necessarily masculine? â€Å"Indeed is explained that some men may reject their masculinity on ideological or sexual grounds. It is often assumed that homosexuals for example are not men they are feminine. Yet gay and homosexual cultures, however unofficial, are marked by strong masculine codes. So masculinity in these cases becomes a style or representation? Thus to answer the relationship of masculinity to other nouns of man and manhood the basic element of purusatva applying to Indian men should be considered. This aspect can/ should be speculated from multiple dimension of socially and politically that develops into specific ways that is patriarchal intrusion.† (Barucha, 1995) Predominant masculinity The relation of Lord Rama and Hanuman can also be woven as an example of man to man relation. Hanuman is considered as the passionate devotee of Lord Rama. Though Lord Rama was the king of Ayodhya, he was in constant need of Hanuman. Hanuman considered himself subordinate of Lord Rama. But the relation that buil... ...nd/father. Law is equal for both man and woman. But the reason for grant of divorce by the plea of woman beds on the fact of more cruelty and crime against woman. The cases of domestic violence ingrain the law to take stringent actions against the men of the society. Under Section 354 in The Indian Penal Code, 1860 The law says, â€Å"Assault or criminal force to woman with intent to outrage her modesty. -- Whoever assaults or uses criminal force to any woman, intending to outrage or knowing it to be likely that he will there by outrage her modesty, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both.† This explains the crisis man face under the Indian jurisdiction. Though powerful, a man is bound by the laws. The same judicial system raises the hierarchy of woman in the eyes of the law.

Comparisons between ‘ The Daffodils’ by William Wordsworth and ‘The new fast automatic Daffodils’ by Adrian Henri

Both titles show that the poems are about daffodils. The word ‘fast' and ‘automatic' in Henri's title prepares the reader for more modern variation. ‘The daffodils' by Wordsworth, is about daffodils. The poet is dreaming or thinking of daffodils, like for example: ‘Beside the lake, beneath the trees, Fluttering and dancing in the breeze' and ‘I wandered as a lonely cloud'. The poet is really fascinated by the daffodils, because he is describing it so beautiful. It is a very happy poem and also very natural, calm, appreciated and thoughtful. The poem has an effect. The rhythm is effective, it helps people to remember the poem better. The rhyme scheme: ab ab cc makes it easy to remember. Stanza 4 means: The poet is lying on his back looking to the sky and thinking about the daffodils. By thinking of the daffodils, it makes him happy and he gets happy thoughts about it. ‘The waves beside them dance', is a metaphor. I would definitely chose this poem, because it is a relaxing poem, I think the poem will attract people. It tells people what he thinks of daffodils. The poem refers to the characteristics of landscapes. It think, people form the 1900 will understand it because it is written in their language. Where the people won't be able to understand it because cars didn't exist in their time. Adrian Henri's poem, ‘The new, fast, automatic daffodils', uses words and phrases, which are the same as ‘The daffodils' by Wordsworth. Like for example: ‘Bliss of solitude' ‘Inward eye' ‘In vacant and in pensive mood' '10 000 saw I at a glance' (only, Wordsworth uses word for the 10 000 (ten thousand) ) Henri wanted to make an interesting poem, so he mixed the car leaflet or advertisement with Wordsworth's poem. Wordsworth's poem is about the daffodil as a part of nature and natural beauty. Henri's ‘daffodils' is more comfortable in the technical age, as a machine or car. Both have some of the same lines which have been used in each poem, i.e. ‘that floats on high o'er vales and hills'. Both use language effectively to describe their different views on the ‘daffodil'. Wordsworth uses words which are not familiar to a modern reader but was in keeping for the time it was written in the 18th century, i.e. ‘jocund' ‘glee' ‘bliss'. Henri uses advertising language such as ‘generously portioned' and ‘cruising speed' to appeal to a modern reader. An 18th century reader would not understand parts of the language. Both poets use repetition to get across certain points to the reader. Wordsworth uses similes and personification in order to encourage the reader to identify and recognise his message. Henri uses figures and bold capital letters to make his work more scientific and technical. It is his use of the language of the media, which helps the reader to identify with his point of view. Both poets are writing within the style and context of their own individual historical time. Wordsworth was born in 1770 and died in 1850. Some of his poetry – including ‘Daffodil' – was inspired by his love of walking and travelling, and by observing and commenting on his natural surroundings. Adrian Henri was born in 1932 and is still living. I the 1960's he was know as one of the ‘Liverpool poets' and from 1967-1970 he led the poetry/rock group called ‘Liverpool Scene'. This probably helps to account for his collage style in this poem, of mixing different types of poetry and texts in order to create something completely different. Both poems have a positive and happy tone. Wordsworth's poem has a calm and tranquil tone, which is based on appreciation of the beauty of a natural landscape, and the calming effect that contemplation can have on the soul. Henri's poem is much more upbeat and brash. It is selling the ‘daffodil' as a consumer item. I think that I will chose ‘The daffodils' by William Wordsworth because I am a person that like nature and not very interested in cars. It depend on the person's personality whether they like the poem by Wordsworth or the poem by Henri. Both titles show that the poems are about daffodils. Wordsworth' s poem is about flowers and Henri's poem is about a Dutch car. Henri is using words and phrases he took from Wordsworth's poem. Both poems are calm and happy. Both poets use repetition to get across certain points of the reader. Well my conclusion is that the two poems are not about the same thing.

Love and conflict in Romeo and Juliet Essay

Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet shows how love between the Capulet Romeo and Montague Juliet resolves an â€Å"ancient† conflict between the two families. The play was first performed in 1595, the play was Shakespeare’s first tragedy genre. Shakespeare believes the two lovers are bound by fate, â€Å"star-crossed†. We know that the hatred shown between both families is an â€Å"ancient grudge†, and that the rivalry is passed down the family tree. The prologue summarises the whole play in advance, this gives an overview of Romeo and Juliet’s actions. Shakespeare uses different styles of speech to represent social classes in the play. The upper class speak in a more knowledgeable blank verse, while the lower classes speak in prose. A clear example of this is the way the servants at the beginning insult each while speaking in prose, however as soon as soon as more aristocratic people come in, they speak in blank verse. From the start of the play we see the servants of both houses show their dislike to each other. This is one of the major conflicts in the play. Sampson and Gregory are servants of the house of Capulet. The fact that the family rivalry and hatred is present in the low status of a servant, shows how â€Å"The quarrel is between our masters and us their men. † The two Capulet servants show they are low in power as they speak in prose. They use puns as insults, â€Å"I mean, an we’ll be in choler we’ll draw†, as â€Å"choler† also means â€Å"anger†. They argue about their hatred for their enemy, insulting and mocking them in the process. They use sexual innuendo; Sampson says how he will rape the women of Montague, after he has dealt with the men, he will † be cruel to the maids- I will cut off their heads. † Gregory replies â€Å"The heads of the maids? † Sampson then answers his question with â€Å"Ay, the heads of the maids, or their maidenheads. † â€Å"maidenheads† meaning virginity. The servants try to denote the Montague servants by referring to them as animals, † A dog of the house of Montague moves me. † Shakespeare inserts dramatic action to the play; he applies it to the fight between the servants that is bound to occur. He achieves this by causing excitement over the argument of the servants, and the intimidation shown to start a fight. The Capulet servants show they have pride and look down on Montague men, but they do not want to start a fight and get the blame for it, â€Å"I will frown as I pass by, and let them take it as they list. † The Capulet servants provoke the other house into fighting, by saying that they are leering them towards a fight, and if they reject they are cowards, â€Å"I will bite my thumb at them, which is a disgrace to bear it. † Shakespeare intensifies the dramatic action by showing verbal duelling between the two houses. Montague â€Å"Do you bite your thumb at us sir? † Capulet â€Å"I do bite my thumb sir† Montague â€Å"Do you bite your thumb at us sir? † Capulet â€Å"No sir, I do not bite my thumb at you sir, but I do bite my thumb sir. † This verbal duelling creates suspense to the physical fight, by both houses verbally fighting. Following the servants’ conflict, another conflict occurs between Benvolio and Montague Tybalt. The peacemaker Benvolio comes to the scene to try and resolve the conflict in a non-violent method, while â€Å"the fiery† Tybalt comes only to stir more trouble and fight. Benvolio is seen as a negotiator, he tries to talk to Tybalt to make him stop the fight, â€Å"I do but keep the peace. Put up thy sword or manage it to part these men with me. † Benvolio appears mature and sensible, we get the impression that he wishes to avoid any means of conflict and see the household grudge resolved. The â€Å"fiery† Tybalt on the other hand is violent and resents the house of Capulet with intensity. Unlike Benvolio he puts violence over peace, as he compares his hatred to that of hell, â€Å"What, drawn and talk of peace? I hate the word, as I hate hell, all Montagues and thee. † Because of his desire for violence, we see Tybalt as less mature and intelligent as Benvolio. The conflict between Benvolio and Tybalt sees uses of imagery and blank verse language; this shows their high status. Benvolio speaks calmly and peacefully, while he is commanding in his speech. His desperation to try and resolve could be because he likes to be in control, or he feels it is the right thing to do, or he is in fear of his life. His desperation is shown by his imperative tone. â€Å"I do but keep peace. † There is an opposite antithesis as Benvolio is calm in his speech, while Tybalt is argumentative and shows his inner ferocity and anger. â€Å"Have at thee coward! † Both men use their imagery based on fire. Benvolio describes Tybalt as â€Å"fiery†. Tybalt uses his infernal imagery as he shows his Montague hatred, equal to his hatred of hell, hell being a fiery place of evil. â€Å"As I hate hell, all Montagues. † Shakespeare again creates dramatic action in the conflict between Benvolio and Tybalt. The opposite interests of both men create this effect, as one is desperate to fight, while the other is desperate to stop the fight. Benvolio is demanding and desperate to keep peace, â€Å"I do but keep the peace. Put up thy sword, or manage it to part these men with me. † Dramatic action for Benvolio is created by his goal to resolve the conflict and search for peace. Tybalt wants to fight with his enemy and has no interest in peace, his violent conscious creates his dramatic action. I will now look into the triple way conflict between the Prince and the two houses. The Prince shows signs of resent to both houses, as they do not keep peace; he calls them â€Å"rebellious subjects,† and â€Å"enemies to peace†. The Prince, like Benvolio wants peace over brawling, he dislikes the way peace has been broken in Verona, where it is his job in his high state of Authority to keep peace and deal with disruptions against laws of Verona. â€Å"Three civil brawls bred of an airy word. By thee, old Capulet, and Montague. Have thrice disturbed the quiet of our streets. † As the Prince is the highest in authority, he rightly feels he should be respected by the houses, and the fact that they have again broke his laws and not listened to his warnings makes him believe they do not respect him as they should. This leads to the Prince becoming angry, and causes him to make a final deadly warning, that if any further violent outbreaks occur, lives shall be taken. â€Å"If you ever disturb our streets again, your lives shall pay the forfeit of the peace. † As a further punishment, the Prince tells the citizens to be angered of the wrong doing which has taken place, this leads to extra guilt on the houses, â€Å"And made Verona’s ancient citizens Cast by their grave beseeming ornaments. † Looking back at where the families went wrong, they did not show signs of keeping peace, possibly because if a family gives in and backs away from the other, they will look the weaker and more cowardly family, and with the strong pride that is present in both households, it is not a desired option. Capulet â€Å"What is this? Give me my long sword! † Montague â€Å"Thou villain Capulet! Hold me not! Let me go! † The Lords of both family have the same desire to fight as the servants, however this is not the way high class Lords should be acting. The Prince wants to be in control, and proves this by speaking in a commanding and powerful manner. He threatens lives of people that go against his orders, as he requires high amounts of respect because he is so high in authority. The Prince uses rhetorical language to display his anger at the families disobeying his laws and orders, â€Å"Will they not hear? † The Prince uses imagery of fiery blood, to show the houses’ violent rage, â€Å"That quench the fire of your pernicious rage, with purple fountains issuing from your veins. † The families speak angrily as they want to fight, â€Å"Give me my long sword! † Lady Capulet adds comedy to the play as she mocks her husband’s old age, â€Å"A crutch, a crutch! † Lady Montague shows her control over her husband, as she orders him not to get involved in the fight, â€Å"Thou shall not stir one foot to seek a foe. † Both families speak in blank verse to show their high status. The lords’ violent conscious adds dramatic action to the scene, as they immediately want to fight each other, â€Å"My sword I say! Old Montague is come! † Lady Montague adds comedy; this decreases the build up of tension, â€Å"A crutch, a crutch! † Romeo has an internal conflict, as he loves Juliet, but he feels he should hate her, as she is Capulet. The conflict is between his love for her and the traditional rivalry of the houses. â€Å"O dear account, my life is in my foes debt. † Romeo wants to still be loyal to his house, but he wants to love Juliet. He feels guilt when he marries her because he keeps it secret against his family and friends. â€Å"I pray, that thou consent to marry us today! † Romeo is also in fear as he is going against his family and house, â€Å"Ay, so I fear the more is my unrest. † Romeo’s love is so strong, he finally comes to the conclusion that he is ready to give up his name, so he can love Juliet without the guilt of being a Montague, â€Å"Call me but ‘love’ and I’ll be new baptised. Henceforth I never will be Romeo. † This is a big step for Romeo, he is ready to give up his pride and dignity of being a Montague. Romeo speaks in blank verse; this shows he is of a high social status. Romeo is desperate and eccentric in his speech as he is so infatuated with Juliet; he proves this by immediately wanting to kiss Juliet. â€Å"My lips, two blushing pilgrims ready to stand. To smooth that rough touch with a tender kiss. † He compares Juliet with the shining dominant beauty of the sun, â€Å"what light yonder window breaks? It is the east, and Juliet is the sun. † He speaks rhetorically about his love, â€Å"Did my heart love till now? † When Romeo first lays eyes on Juliet, he speaks in praise of her as if she is an angel, and is too beautiful for this earth, â€Å"Beauty too rich for use, for Earth too dear. † Romeo then goes on to kiss Juliet, and then comes out with a rather fast decision that he is in love. Dramatic action is then created when his perfect love is spoilt when he discovers she is a Capulet, â€Å"Is she a Capulet? O dear account, my life is in my foes debt. † Dramatic action is then intensified when he decides he will give up his name for Juliet, â€Å"Call me but ‘love’ and I’ll be new baptised. Henceforth I never will be Romeo. † Romeo firstly is in sexually attraction to fellow Montague Roseline, his love is unrequited. â€Å"out of her favour where I am in love. † Romeo is depressed and in despair for he is â€Å"out of her favour† as his love is not being returned. The love is one way. Romeo is so mixed up with his love he is lost in thought, this causes Romeo to lose track of time, as he believes the day is dragging on, â€Å"Ay me sad hours seem long. † Romeo wrongly thinks he is in true love, however his attraction to her is only based on her beauty, â€Å"Love is a smoke made with the fume of sights. † This is courtly love. When Romeo speaks about his false love for Roseline, he shows his state of depression and despair, â€Å"Not having that, that makes them short. † Romeo uses imagery of Cupid to say that Roseline will not fall for his love. â€Å"She’ll not be hit with Cupid’s arrow. † He says she has â€Å"Diane’s whit† as Roseline will not show love back for his unrequited love, and she will not love anyone. Romeo uses oxymoron in his words to show his despair and confusion in his love. â€Å"O heavy lightness. Serious Vanity. † Shakespeare again creates dramatic action in Romeo’s love for Roseline, Romeo’s point of desperation and depression causes this. Romeo is in an illusion by thinking he is in true love while it is truly courtly love, this shows his inexperience in love, this also creates slight humour. â€Å"Why such is love’s transgression. Grieves heavy on my breast. † Romeo passes on his depression in his conversation with Benvolio. Romeo â€Å"Dost thou laugh? † Benvolio â€Å"No coz, I rather weep. † Romeo â€Å"Good heart, at what? † Benvolio â€Å"At thy good heart’s oppression. † The main love in the play is that of Romeo and Juliet. They fall in love at first sight, as they’re both attracted to each other’s beauty. Romeo shows Juliet’s beauty by saying she outshines the brightest torches in the room, â€Å"O she doth teach the torches to burn bright. † Again we see Romeo falling easily to sexual attraction, as he did with Roseline. â€Å"And touching her makes my hand rude. † He considers Juliet a holy object and therefore untouchable. Unlike Roseline, Juliet answers back to Romeo’s love, â€Å"My only love sprung from my only hate. † Romeo uses imagery to compare Juliet to the beauty of angels, â€Å"Beauty too rich for use, for Earth too dear. † He again refers to Juliet as holy, as he says his lips are pilgrims that have travelled to her to kiss her holiness, â€Å"My lips, two blushing pilgrims ready to stand. † Romeo uses hyperbole terms to express Juliet’s beauty, â€Å"O she doth teach the torches to burn bright. † Romeo and Juliet’s language is both really for the moment, as they wish for the moment never to end. They are both very lustful, as they both have the same desire to kiss each other. Romeo â€Å"My lips two blushing pilgrims ready stand to smooth that rough touch with a tender kiss. † Juliet â€Å"Then have my lips the sin that they have took. † Both lovers speak in blank verse showing their high role in their houses. Dramatic action is created in the way that both Romeo and Juliet both fall in love at first sight. A big shock for both is when find out they are from rival families. Romeo says, â€Å"My life is in my foes debt. † Juliet shows the same reaction, â€Å"My only love sprung from my only hate. † Romeo’s praise of Juliet helps strengthen dramatic action. I believe Shakespeare wrote the play to show the power of love. He shows the dangers and advantages in the play. Because there love was so strong, Romeo and Juliet died and many people were killed. The advantages t this love is obvious, the way their tragic death and love resolves a great conflict between the two houses.

Wireless Carriers in the United States

Wireless Carriers in the United States Historical Strategic Issues When it comes to wireless carriers in the United States the most common historical strategic issues revolves around price, performance, and customer service.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Wireless Carriers in the United States specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The key players in this industry had to mindful of all three factors because the consumers in the U.S. market can easily switch to another carrier if they are not satisfied with the value they are getting for their money and the kind of service that they believe they deserve. Take for example the ability to SMS or to text one another. There was a time when this type of service was non-existent in North America (Gow Smith, p.58). The key players in the industry had to balance all three in order to increase their market share. Their strategists cannot afford to simply focus on price because their competitors are willing to lower thei r own prices as well in order to attract more customers and yet at the same time make their offer much better by improving the customer service aspect of the business. Among the key players in the industry, a reliable service is already a given, and yet users of wireless communications technology are also looking for cheaper rates and if possible the capability to buy a mobile phone at a lower cost. The price of the plan or the service is affected by the operational costs incurred by the wireless carrier. Thus, streamlining the operations and finding ways to lower overhead costs is a permanent fixture of a company-wide strategy. There are many things to consider in this regard such as technology and regulations stipulated by the Federal Government. There is a need to acquire the appropriate technology in order to maintain a certain level of performance. This is a major source of expenditure for the company. Furthermore, new laws regarding tariffs and other forms of taxes can easily limit the capability of wireless carriers to offer cheaper plans and better rates for their consumers.Advertising Looking for essay on communication strategies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In order to maintain quality service, wireless carriers had to be contented with relatively lower profit margins (Abell, p.1). This explains why the wireless carrier business is a very competitive industry. Key players in this industry may be forced to accept a smaller profit margin. On the bright side, these firms are not expected to slow down in the next few years because of the phenomenal growth in the number of people using mobile phones (Kavoori Arceneaux, p.155). Key Players and their Operations According to a respected market research agency there are four major players in the wireless telecom carrier industry and these are: Verizon Wireless; ATT Inc.; Sprint Nextel Corporation; and Deutsche Telekom AG (IBISWorld, p.1). The rankings change all the time because of the competitive nature of the industry there is a constant need to do mergers or buy-out the competition. But as of March of March of 2011 ATT is considered the largest wireless company in the United States (Abell, p.1). ATT earned this distinction when it decided to purchase T-Mobile USA from Deutsche Telekom for $39 billion and as a result the combined entity is now one third larger than former number one Verizon Wireless (Abell, p.1). The significance of this new development is seen in how ATT has now more than twice the subscriber as Sprint Nextel (Abell, p.1). Nevertheless, ATT cannot afford to rest on its laurels so to speak because subscribers can easily change carriers if they believe they can get a better deal. Strategic Change Consumers should expect constant change when it comes to the strategies employed by wireless carriers. Strategic change is always dependent upon price, performance and customer service; there is a need for constant adjustment in order to please as many subscribers as possible. It is imperative to retain loyal customers while at the same time attract new subscribers and take a bigger piece of the market. Wireless companies had to skillfully balance price, performance and customer service. The CEOs of these firms knew very well what is expected of them and it is to deliver the best value to increase the profitability of the company and achieving all of that without spending too much. The most dreaded scenario is to see loyal subscribers transfer allegiance to another wireless company. When it comes to the price war it can be argued that wireless companies already demonstrated their willingness to lower the price of their plans. Thus, the crucial battle is all about performance and customer service. The significance of these two factors can be seen when a wireless company begins to experience success and the increased number of subscribers puts a toll into their infrastructure. As a res ult the most common strategic change taking place in recent years is the ability to consolidate, to merge with other companies and to buy-out the competition. According to one analyst the primary reason why ATT had to acquire T-Mobile USA is due to its connectivity issues and the perception that it is not a reliable wireless company (Abell, p.1)Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Wireless Carriers in the United States specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is of course due to the fact that ATT has an existing business partnership with Apple and this has resulted in the 80-fold increase in its wireless-data usage (Abell, p.1). By acquiring T-Mobile USA, ATT hopes to address this perception problem. Strategic change in the U.S. wireless carrier industry is heavily affected by the mobile phone phenomenon (Grant Meadows, p.316). Consider the following research findings: â€Å"Adolescents use the cell phone to network with peers. For adults, family and security drive use† (Grant Meadows, p.316). The mobile phone is not only a communication tool but has now become a mobile computer and in turn became a reliable source of news, information, entertainment, social networking using wireless applications and the World-Wide-Web to interconnect and download information. In addition, the mobile phone has become a status symbol and an extension of the self. For instance, â€Å"adolescents are the most active in reinventing wireless technology as a personal medium and a social prop for self-presentation †¦ fashion attentiveness affects the purchase, use and replacement of cell phones† (Grant Meadows, p.316). This observation was corroborated by an interesting discovery made a research group. In their study they found out that Verizon Wireless is the leader when it comes to customer service and performance in 2008 (Carton, p.1). Respondents were interviewed with regards to dropped calls. Resp ondents also provided feedback when it comes to cellular service provider satisfaction rating. In both instances Verizon Wireless came on top and yet subscribers are switching over to ATT. The major reason why ATT has more subscribers than Verizon Wireless in 2008 is attributed to what the company can offer in terms of mobile phones. ATT subscribers can choose a deal where the company enables them to own an iPhone and this is the main reason why revenue is up.Advertising Looking for essay on communication strategies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Strategic change must be focused on price, performance and customer service. But competitors in the wireless carrier industry must also focus on how they can provide better phones on top of the great deals they are offering their subscribers and potential clients. These firms had to realize that â€Å"the cell phone is characteristically identified with new modes of mobility, personalization, identity, and individual and group relations† (Kavoori Arceneaux, p.155). This is nothing new because Nokia in the past decade made a statement with regards to their unconventional designs and made the realization that mobile phones must be associated with lifestyle and emotional appeal (Gow Smith, p.60). This is a feature of the wireless communication business that should become a major focus of strategic change. It is therefore crucial to consider how a wireless carrier can provide more services related to the personalization of the mobile phone. Subscribers are no longer contented w ith having a mobile phone. They also wanted the device to express their identity and personality. The ability to download applications to enhance the usability of the mobile phone should be a major source of income for telecom companies. Strategic change must be done in such a way that a firm continues to eliminate any form of waste; it is imperative to streamline operations to increase the profitability of the company. On the other hand these firms must realize the power of the consumers to switch carriers in an instant. This is the beauty and challenge of wireless communication technology. It is no longer enough to provide a reliable communication platform it is also important to understand how mobile phones had revolutionized 21st century living and therefore all the CEOs working within this industry had to acknowledge that style and substance goes hand-in-hand when it comes to wireless telecommunication services. Abell, John. ATT to Buy T-Mobile, Becomes the No.1 U.S. Wireless Company. Web. Carton, Paul. Verizon Wireless Leads in Performance, but ATT Takes Market  Share. 2008. Web. Gow, Gordon and Richard Smith. Mobile and Wireless Communications: An  Introduction. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2006. Grant, August and Jennifer Meadows. Communication Technology Update. Vol. 10. MA: Focal Press, 2006. IBISWorld. Wireless Telecommunications Carriers in the US. Web. Kavoori, Anandam and Noah Arceneaux. The Cell Phone Readers: Essays in Social  Transformation. New York: Peter Lang Publishing, 2007.

Informative Essay Sample on Al Capone Who Is This Man

Informative Essay Sample on Al Capone Who Is This Man Al Capone: those two words, instantly recognizable, conjure up many vivid images in the minds of people all across America. They however mean much more to the inhabitants of Chicago, â€Å"the city of broad shoulders† so aptly named after the man who once had an unquestionable hold upon the city and its surrounding communities. Capone is what every gangster desires to be. He is the vision of what a gangster blueprint looks like that is burnt into the minds of the people who experienced his reign firsthand. Young as they may have been at the height of Capone’s legacy, they undoubtedly felt the effects of Capone’s power and celebrity as his presence was impossible to ignore. Even people of today view Capone as the blueprint for gangster perfection, the greatest and most famed gangster of all time. Though the best evidence in supporting Capone’s case as the blueprint; comes from other gangsters paying the ultimate compliment by attempting to emulate Caponeâ⠂¬â„¢s techniques and mannerisms. One might question as to how can Capone be the model for a member of organized crime considering that he was captured. My answer to that is that he at one time held more power than I can even comprehend, and even all these years later no gangster has made an impact on a city like Capone and most likely never will. Capone is the perfect gangster. He is the model, and this can be seen through all the facets of his criminal career, including his quick ascension through the ranks of the Chicago gang to the top of the food chain. The actions he took during his criminal career and the power that he held over the city of Chicago also lend credence to this theory. However, the one thing that made Capone the consummate gangster over anybody else was his understanding that blood is power and he was more than willing to spill a little blood if it was what was needed. Even today, the only mob boss whose fame and power came close to the heights that Capone reach ed would be John Gotti. But, when the extent of their power is compared â€Å"Da Don† falls far short of â€Å"The Big Guy.† Capone was only twenty years old when Johnny Torrio sent for him to leave New York and come to Chicago to be his protege. Al arrived on the scene and was made the bouncer at Four Deuces night club, quick to offer you a handshake but at the same time ready to shake you down and break your hand. However, Johnny Torrio was not satisfied with the rough edges that surrounded the young man who had all the other tools that have the makings of an ideal gangster. Torrio personally set himself to work on improving Al’s total package. He taught him the common social graces of the time, instructed him in the process of concealing one’s thoughts and emotions from others, and the idea of a ready handshake and easy smile was reinforced on the hardened young man. Torrio had been the beneficiary of the death of â€Å"Big† Jim Colosimo who is credited with creating the vice and underground society in Chicago. It is believed by many that Colosimo’s death was the first murder that Capone committed in the great lakes area. Then, in 1924, the event that changed the face of organized crime forever and opened up the gates for what was to be a whole new breed of gangsters and alcohol delivery professionals, better known as bootleggers or beer barons. This event was the inception of Prohibition and it created an entirely new market for members of organized crime, including one Al Capone. After the initial dust settled, the bootlegging business though was divided into the two distinct north and south sides of town according to the Chicago River. The northern territory fell under the control of Dion O’Banion, and the southern territory belonged to none other than the infamous Torrio and his sidekick (soon to be successor) Alphonse Capone. O’Banion, having seen it all in his day, desired to hang up his guns and so offered the entire north side of Chicago to Torrio for the sum of five hundred thousand dollars. However, when Torrio went to make the e xchange he found that he had been set up by O’Banion who was aware that the police were planning on raiding this business transaction. Due to the fact that it was another offense on a rap sheet that read a mile long Torrio was sentenced to jail time while O’Banion walked because it was his first offense. Oh yeah, O’Banion also kept the half million of Torrio’s money, so as you could probably guess he was not long for the world long after Torrio was let out of prison. Then in 1925 Torrio retired from the racket (due to a severe injury) and left all that he had over to his now tried-and-true apprentice who by then was more than ready to have a chance holding the reigns for a while. It was his time to shine, â€Å"for Capone was to revolutionize crime and corruption by putting both on an efficiency basis, and to instill into a reorganized gangland firm business methods of procedure† (Paisley 11). Capone was now at the top of the food chain and he had just begun to make his presence felt. Though his quick rise through the ranks of the family of organized crime was remarkably impressive, the true testaments to Capone’s greatness come while he is at the top and these actions are what truly make him the â€Å"Blueprint.† The man that no one knew five years ago was soon to become, in the city of Chicago at least, the man who knew no equal. Capone’s first order of business was to ensure that his bootleg business controlled completely all the flow of alcohol coming into the south side of the city. He accomplished this by sending out numerous teams of machine gunners to shoot down rival bootleggers and stubborn saloon keepers that did not buy Capone’s beer. This type of action is what separated Capone from other gangsters; he was an expert at how to convince by terror and was not afraid to do so. He was a man that knew how to spread terror and it was this need to evoke fear that led to the introduction of a revolutionary way to do business in the underworld. Capone’s grip over the city of Chicago increased even more in the next few years with the introduction of the Tommy gun into the world of organized crime. The resulting image of terror that the Tommy gun gave the public yielded a much-larger-than-life Al Capone. It is quite safe to say that Tommy gun struck terror not only into the people of Chicago, but also made rival mobsters fear and respect Capone even more than they did before the advent of the weapon. The Tommy gun itself was the perfect killing machine, capable of firing 20 round magazines in less than a second (James). The Thompson submachine gun was developed for the military for use during the First World War as a trench sweeper. Though it was not particularly accurate it was more than capable for quick, devastating strikes. When the war ended before the first guns could be produced, Thompson was left with mass quantities of the Tommy gun and due to relaxed gun laws of the day it became available to the public, quic kly becoming the favorite for Al Capone (James). The gun’s military purposes aside, what made it particularly popular was its relatively small size, which made it very easy to hide. The gun also boasted armor piercing bullets so it was nearly impossible to escape an attack by the â€Å"Chicago Typewriter† as Tommy’s infamy led the public to name it. Capone’s power could be seen even more clearly in the manner by which he controlled the elections of many public officials as if they were marionettes, easily swaying the publics vote in many creative, though painful ways. Capone had his definite preferences in mayors and he did whatever he could to keep William Hale Thompson Jr. in office since he seemed to look the other way when it came to Capone. It doesn’t take being Elliot Ness to realize that Capone was the reason that Thompson’s pockets were busting at the seams with money during his campaigns, in effect not even giving competitors a chance. The year 1926 was one of heightened violence for Capone: there were on record 29 gang killings in less than six months. In 1928 there were 62 different bombings attributed to Capone (Reid). Sandwiched between those two years is 1927, regarded as the year in which the great Al Capone reached his peak of power. He made enormous amounts of money. In this year alone the I RS believes that he ticketed over 100 million dollars (Burdick), keeping about ten percent of that total while the rest went to his employees and to other expenses. The north side of Chicago had meanwhile become the rightful property of George â€Å"Bugs† Moran. A war between Capone and Moran had been waging for the better part of three years, that began when the north siders hijacked a Capone owned shipment of whiskey. Capone would not stand for insubordination such as this and he dispatched the famed assassin Jack Mcgurn to arrange a faux police raid of Moran thugs at 2122 North Clark St (Burdick). This fateful night will be forever known as the St. Valentine’s Day Massacre, the single most brutal and notorious act ever orchestrated by Capone. A team of four men dressed as police officers entered the building as if they were going to bust the criminals within. What they did instead will forever live in infamy. They took all seven men, lined them up against the wall of the garage ordered them to put their hands above their heads, turn around and put their palms to the wall. The assassins then took a .45, a sawed off shotgun and tw o fully automated machine guns and ripped into the backs of the seven men. Less than thirty seconds later when the smoke cleared seventy two shots had been fired at the men, including two shots fired from the shotgun (Burdick). The plan went off without a hitch except that the intended target of the massacre â€Å"Bugs† Moran was not present. He was particularly lucky this day as he was caught up checking into a hotel as an alibi, and arrived late enough that he saw the â€Å"raid† and not wanting to be entangled in the affair, he got out of there as quickly as possible. The failed attempt on Moran’s life had a huge effect on Capone’s celebrity as the publicity surrounding the incident was the most attention that any gang event had ever received. He was suddenly in the national spotlight as journalists and writers all over the country began writing books and articles on him. Capone loved the attention but President Herbert Hoover did not share his viewpoint. Hoover quickly ordered all the federal agencies to work on bringing down Capone and his associates. It was not long before the government had a strong case against the brash Capone, but he was reluctant to realize the trouble he was really in and instead of ducking out of the spotlight, he continued to live in the extravagant and very visible way that he normally did (Kelly). In his day nobody could compete with him. He was the consummate gangster and he lived above the law. No Mafioso’s career lasts forever and the St. Valentine’s Day Massacre marked the beginning of the end of the career of Al Capone. The Depression proved to be an obstacle not only for those with legitimate business ventures but also for those whose dealings were not necessarily legitimate. Capone slowly went down the river as the government tore hard into him with a federal tax evasion suit. He ended up being sentenced to eleven years in prison and he rotted away behind bars where one of his vices had gotten to him. He was infected with syphilis, contracted from his mistress (paisley). The disease ravaged his nervous system and eventually led to his death, an interesting way to go out for a man with as many enemies as he had but an end nonetheless. Capone was the most ruthless gangster to ever walk the streets of the Windy City, and he contributed to over 1,000 mob slayings of which only two were ever solved (Paisley). He was the ideal gangster. It was Capone’s unpredictability that kept others from trying to infringe on his territory or test him. No one ever knew what Capone was going to do next or how he will react to a problem, this is what made Capone so dangerous and is what made him the greatest gangster ever. He kept an entire city at bay: citizen, rival, government official alike with his brash, effective form of business. No one to this day has yet to neither match the success of Capone nor display the flair that he exhibited and until that day when a superior example of a gangster exists I would have to say that Al Capone deserves the title of ideal gangster. Capone is the man who all other gangsters strive to emulate, he is what every member of organized crime wants to be, he is the â€Å"Blueprint.† You can order a custom essay, term paper, research paper, thesis or dissertation on Al Capone topics at our professional custom essay writing service which provides students with custom papers written by highly qualified academic writers. High quality and no plagiarism guarantee! Get professional essay writing help at an affordable cost.

Best Practices in Corrections Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Best Practices in Corrections - Research Paper Example Correctional substance abuse treatment Correctional substance abuse treatment aims at rehabilitating criminal of substance abuse. There are varieties of programs that aid substance abuse treatment. Federal bureau of prisons is the most effective of the substance abuse programs. This is because of the available facilities in the prison systems, the authority of the officers over the inmates and the long duration of time that the inmates spend within the facilities. One of the features of the bureau of prisons program is its long time existence from which quality ideas have been added to the program. The program has particularly undergone many changes based on legislative measures such as â€Å"Anti Drug abuse act, and violent crime control and law enforcement act† among others (Fagan and Ax, 2003, p. 79). These laws have continually benefited the correctional program that is also being checked by the judicial institution through implementation of law. Similarly, the program ado pts ‘evidence-based’ practice as an approach to ensuring quality services to the inmates. This induces a great advantage with respect to effectiveness of the applied services. With decisions based on experiments, evidence based practice ensures that diagnosis and treatment for every inmate is accurate. The program is therefore characterized by a high level of efficiency for faster recovery of the subjects. Further, the Bureau of prisons is designed to extend their correctional services to the society upon the release of an inmate. This ensures completion of the designed goals of the program for comprehensive rehabilitation. Some of the specific services offered under the Bureau of Prisons includes â€Å"residential drug abuse treatment, non residential drug abuse treatment, drug abuse education, transitional services† among others (Fagan and Ax, 2003, p. 80, 81). The programs are professionally designed to facilitate treatment of the inmates by ensuring a favorab le environment. Residential drug abuse program is for example scheduled to run for about nine months with fixed number of session hours. The long period therefore offers sufficient opportunity for the inmates to respond to the treatments. Another feature of the program that makes it effective is the isolation of the inmates from other prisoners. Once an inmate has submitted to the treatment, he or she is taken to a facility that only hosts participants in the treatment. This plays an important role in protecting the participants from lapsing back during the treatment process. Isolation of the participating inmates is essential in protecting them from negative influence of other inmates who have not regarded the program. If the two groups were allowed to interact, especially at the beginning of the treatment process then participants would be easily influenced from completing their sessions. The residential program also has a laid down procedure for recruitment and treatment that ens ures that the deserving and committed individuals are offered the opportunity. The process that begins from a person’s conviction is followed by evaluation for the necessity of the program before an individual is allowed to subscribe into the program. The voluntary aspect of the program also motivates participation. Inmates would develop a contrary opinion if the program were compulsory because it would be associated with punishment as opposed to treatment. Similarly, the reward upon

Legal Services Act 2007 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Legal Services Act 2007 - Essay Example Notary and certification matters 6. Admittance of "oaths." (Explanatory Notes to Legal Services, 2008). The aspect of authorised person is very important since only they are empowered to carry out authorised legal activities or functions. It is however a defence that the person was ignorant or unknowing about this matter, or did not know, and could not reasonably have been expected to know. In case of unauthorised carrying out of approved legal activities, the The Act permits the carrying out of alternative business structure (ABS) by non-lawyers in the fields of professional, management and ownership roles. The new Act allows approved regulators who can authorise licensed bodies to offer specialised professional services. "The provisions of this Part have effect for the purpose of regulating the carrying on of reserved legal activities and other activities by licensed bodies." (Alternative business structures: Introductory, 2007, p.42). legal, could extend their services to include, within its jurisdiction, legal work also. This could be seen as the primary area of deficiency that causes concern for professionals and practioners alike, since non legal professionals may not be able to impart the highest standards of professional ethics as could legal professionals. The aspect of providing for Alternative Business Structures (ABS) facilitates licensing of innovative business structures in legal services. ... Incumbent shall be liable for monetary penalties as deemed necessary. The Act permits the carrying out of alternative business structure (ABS) by non-lawyers in the fields of professional, management and ownership roles. The new Act allows approved regulators who can authorise licensed bodies to offer specialised professional services. "The provisions of this Part have effect for the purpose of regulating the carrying on of reserved legal activities and other activities by licensed bodies." (Alternative business structures: Introductory, 2007, p.42). The Act widens the scope of enforcement of legal professional rights to authorised persons other than barristers and solicitors, however, no date is fixed for the coming into force of these provisions. This in effects means that even people who are holding non -legal professions, other than legal, could extend their services to include, within its jurisdiction, legal work also. This could be seen as the primary area of deficiency that causes concern for professionals and practioners alike, since non legal professionals may not be able to impart the highest standards of professional ethics as could legal professionals. Alternative Business Structures (ABS): The aspect of providing for Alternative Business Structures (ABS) facilitates licensing of innovative business structures in legal services. These will permit lawyers and non-lawyers to work together to carry out legal and other services. This Part of the Act sets out the arrangements for authorisation, by the Board, of licensing powers that be allowed framing rules and regulations, and, in the lack of an appropriate licensing authority, the Board can license ABS firms straightaway. It also makes conditions for the